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روان شناسی و مشاوره::
تنش غریزی
An increase in instinctual tension without any possibility of discharge gives rise to experiences of unpleasure, while discharge reducing the build-up of instinctual tension to regain equilibrium or homeostasis can be pleasurable.
traumatic experience of total disintegration lead- ing to possible annihilation, consequent on being flooded by overwhelming quantities of instinctual tension.
Freud's later work6 described 'signal anxiety, not directly a conflicted instinctual tension but a signal occurring in the ego of an anticipated instinctual tension'.7 Thus the classical psychoanalytic view of anxiety is a signal or warning that something really overwhelmingly awful is just about to happen, so you had better do something about it quickly if you
In fact, it has been shown that in situations of continual exposure to trauma in infancy where emotional regulation fails to reduce instinctual tension, the infant remains hyperaroused and hypervigilant to danger, result- ing in the failure to develop essential neurological structures necessary for development.15
The rising unpleasant instinctual tension within the baby is felt as the presence of a 'bad breast' attacking him, rather than the absence of a 'good breast'.
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